Open access article: https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/science-research/article/view/69598

Abstract

This article is aimed at diagnosing autism spectrum disorders among adolescentsusing computer technologies, improving modern medicine, increasing the significance of computertechnologies in our daily lives, and enhancing the efficiency of future medical professionals inworking with computer technologies

Citation: Atakhanov, S., & Yoqubjonova, D. (2025). THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF MODERN COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF AUTISM IN YOUNG CHILDREN. Modern Science and Research, 4(2), 1034–1038. Retrieved from https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/science-research/article/view/69598

Open access article: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1265066/full

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impaired social interaction and communication skills, repetitive behaviors, restricted interests, and specific sensory processing. Particularly, adults with high-functioning ASD often remain unrecognized, presumably due to their high compensatory skills, but at the cost of high stress, which is often linked to anxiety and depression. This may further explain the significantly high suicide rates and reduced life expectancy among individuals with ASD. Thus, providing support to high-functioning autistic adults in managing core symptoms, as well as co-occurring anxiety and depression, appears essential. To date, only a limited number of evidence-based psychosocial therapeutic options are available, and very few of them have undergone rigorous evaluation in a clinical context. To obtain a comprehensive understanding, a systematic literature search was conducted according to the PRISMA checklist, and only studies demonstrating robust methodological quality were included and discussed in this review article. Although promising initial key factors and methods have been identified, additional evidence-based studies are imperative to ascertain the optimal treatment and evaluate the long-term outcomes for adults with high-functioning ASD.

Citation: Schweizer Tina , Endres Dominique , Dziobek Isabel , Tebartz van Elst Ludger, (2024). Psychosocial therapeutic approaches for high-functioning autistic adults. Frontiers in Psychiatry (14). https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1265066. DOI=10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1265066

Open access article: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1093252/full

Abstract

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has characteristics that have been observed to develop over time, such as the difficulty of affective, sensory, and emotional processing, which trigger some problems during childhood, limiting children's development. Applied behavior analysis (ABA) is among the therapeutic approaches for ASD, in which treatment can be tailored according to the patient's objectives.

Objective: Based on ABA, we aimed to analyze the therapeutic strategy for independence in different skill performance tasks of patients diagnosed with ASD.

Method: This is a retrospective observational case series study including 16 children diagnosed with ASD who received ABA-based treatment at a therapeutic clinic in Santo Andre city, São Paulo State, Brazil. Individual task performance of different skill domains was registered in the ABA+ affective intelligence® software throughout the 12 months (from January 2021 to January 2022) of routine treatment.

Results: The evolution of skills was observed between the T0 and T1 intervals, with improved skills over the observed period.

Conclusion: The strategy based on the ABA methodology improved children's skill performance over the observed period.

Citation: Silva Alan Patricio da , Bezerra Italla Maria Pinheiro , Antunes Thaiany Pedrozo Campos , Cavalcanti Matheus Paiva Emidio , Abreu Luiz Carlos de., 2023.  Applied behavioral analysis for the skill performance of children with autism spectrum disorder. Frontiers in Psychiatry (14).https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1093252 DOI:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1093252, ISSN:1664-0640

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/13623613241311323?casa_token=YmNevCnnU7kAAAAA%3Aog7NoKm6dHrErgxMSyudqRRDUqlqTwsAujcADV1ylGhuwPlF8jkyiAvg8vfK6MoCRjaDb1ESjYc2pQ

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of an acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)-based parenting program for parents of autistic children. A pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted, with 40 parents randomly assigned to either the eight-session ACT-based parenting program or usual care. Feasibility was assessed by the rates of recruitment, attritions, and adherence to the intervention. Acceptability was evaluated through participant satisfaction surveys and semi-structured group interviews. Intervention feasibility was established with very satisfactory recruitment, attrition, and intervention completion rates. Both participant satisfaction survey and qualitative interviews suggested that the intervention was acceptable and beneficial for parents of autistic children. Compared to the usual-care-only group, participants in the ACT-based parenting program showed significant improvements in parental stress, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, psychological flexibility, self-efficacy, and reductions in emotional and behavioral problems in their children at the immediate post-intervention assessment. These findings support the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of the ACT-based parenting program for parents of autistic children. Future larger-scale RCTs can be conducted with longer-term follow-ups and more comprehensive assessment of its effectiveness for family caregivers of diverse groups of autistic children and/or other neurodevelopmental conditions.

Citation: Ni, L. S., Wai Tong, C., & Kam Ki Stanley, L. (2025). Effects of an acceptance and commitment-based parenting program for parents of children with autism spectrum disorder on parenting stress and other parent and children health outcomes: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Autism, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241311323

Open access article: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-022-01670-z

Abstract

Introduction

The wide range of psychosocial interventions designed to assist people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) makes it challenging to compile and hierarchize the scientific evidence that supports the efficacy of these interventions. Thus, we performed an umbrella review of published meta-analyses of controlled clinical trials that investigated the efficacy of psychosocial interventions on both core and related ASD symptoms.

Methods

Each meta-analysis that was identified was re-estimated using a random-effects model with a restricted maximum likelihood estimator. The methodological quality of included meta-analyses was critically appraised and the credibility of the evidence was assessed algorithmically according to criteria adapted for the purpose of this study.

Results

We identified a total of 128 meta-analyses derived from 44 reports. More than half of the non-overlapping meta-analyses were nominally statistically significant and/or displayed a moderate-to-large pooled effect size that favored the psychosocial interventions. The assessment of the credibility of evidence pointed out that the efficacy of early intensive behavioral interventions, developmental interventions, naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions, and parent-mediated interventions was supported by suggestive evidence on at least one outcome in preschool children. Possible outcomes included social communication deficits, global cognitive abilities, and adaptive behaviors. Results also revealed highly suggestive indications that parent-mediated interventions improved disruptive behaviors in early school-aged children. The efficacy of social skills groups was supported by suggestive evidence for improving social communication deficits and overall ASD symptoms in school-aged children and adolescents. Only four meta-analyses had a statistically significant pooled effect size in a sensitivity analysis restricted to randomized controlled trials at low risk of detection bias.

Discussion

This umbrella review confirmed that several psychosocial interventions show promise for improving symptoms related to ASD at different stages of life. However, additional well-designed randomized controlled trials are still required to produce a clearer picture of the efficacy of these interventions. To facilitate the dissemination of scientific knowledge about psychosocial interventions for individuals with ASD, we built an open-access and interactive website that shares the information collected and the results generated during this umbrella review.

Citation: Gosling, C.J., Cartigny, A., Mellier, B.C. et al. Efficacy of psychosocial interventions for Autism spectrum disorder: an umbrella review. Mol Psychiatry 27, 3647–3656 (2022).